Companies Are Incorporated And Operated On The Premises Of Agency Theory Accounting Essay

Organizations are consolidated and worked on the premises of Agency Theory. The Agency Theory explains that there ought to be a working connection between the course of the organization and the financial specialists of the organization so as to augment the investors riches. The path for the conventional examination of corporate organization was set up by Berle and Means ( 1932 ) , when they introduced a department hypothesis to separate possession from control. This hypothesis to partition possession from control prompted the advancement of the department hypothesis. The early adversaries of the authority hypothesis attest that the department relationship is an agreement under which one gathering ( the head ) connects with another gathering ( the operator ) to execute some help for their benefit. ( Coase, 1937, Jenson and Meckling, 1976 and Fama and Jensan, 1983 ) . The authority hypothesis is of import, yet various journalists and examination laborers see it from dubious positions. The balance of the agency hypothesis shows up from the partition of bearing and fundss Sleifer and A ; Vish, ( 1996 ) . Office hypothesis is generally utilized as a model in many exploration of corporate organization. It is utilized in research condition of affairss where the advantage on one gathering ( the head ) is subject to the conduct and activities of second gathering ( the operator ) . The develops and rules of corporate organization are primarily founded on the department hypothesis. Great corporate organization requires an adequate board to take the organization with the goal that it makes riches for the investors what's more to run into different partners ‘ viewpoints. For outline, Barclays Board of Directors, guided by Group Chairman Marcus Agius, runs the worry for the benefit of investors. As a planned organization on the London Stock Exchange, Barclays meets the footings with the UK Combined Code on Corporate Governance. Barclays Executive Committee remembers the most prevalent pioneers for the worry, headed up by Group Chief Executive John Varley. It has announced the growth of its Executive Committee and changes to its association and senior heading endeavors, puting its interests to pass on unequivocally in the creating financial administrations industry. Investors are put as one of the partners that chiefs must see all through their assurance doing on how an organization can and ought to be set and execute way Jonker J, ( 2003 ) in Freeman ( 1984 ) . Despite the fact that the department hypothesis is relied upon to make a smooth and great connection between the head and the specialist, there are a few occupations which emerge as a result of the difficulty of completely embraced for each activity of an operator whose assurance influences the two his ain open help and the open help of the head, ( Brennan, 1995 ) . Office hypothesis is aggregating at everyplace authority association, in which one gathering ( the head ) assign work to another ( the operator ) , who do that work. The hypothesis is connected with work excursion two employments that can occur in authority connections. The first is the authority inconvenience that happens when ( a ) the longing or point of the head and operator clank and ( B ) it is troublesome or beyond a reasonable doubt won for the chief to prove that the specialist had acted suitably. The second is the difficulty of risk sharing that happens when the head and operator have unique assault in the method of the danger. The activity here is that the head and the specialist may lean toward various activities due to the diverse peril propensities ( Elsenhadt, 1989 ) . Barclays Capital or potentially its partners may, from clasp to cut, have topographic focuses in, and may, as boss or specialist, buy or retail the Securities. Barclays Capital will non be legally capable to any single on any base for any dead or expenses go oning straight or by implication out of the practicing of or reliance on any of the evaluation or in grouping set out thus. ( hypertext move convention:/www.barx.com/lawful/index.html ) From the authority hypothesis position, the point of corporate organization is to ensure that chiefs resort to esteem augmenting plans ( Shleifer and Vishny, 1997 ) . There have other than been endeavors to linkthe â€Å" asset based position † and the â€Å" administrative rents hypothesis † ( Castanians and Helfat, 2001 ) with corporate organization, in the key bearing writing. This position keeps up that corporate organization factors are the components, which are viewed as cardinal and of import to the effectivity of Corporate Governance. Corporate Governance ‘s cardinal factors are firmly connected with the achievement or disappointment of organizations and a cardinal administrative asset or human capital and along these lines a potential start of competitory favorable position to the house. Numerous organizations have fizzled in the United Kingdom and this has animated contention about Corporate Governance. The surrender of the Maxwell Publishing Group in th e late eightiess invigorated the Cadbury Report in 1992. During the 1990s occurrences like the Poly Peck, BCCI and Marconi farther required an interest for legitimate Corporate Governance. In taking a gander at all these occurrences of Corporate Governance wasteful aspects and incapability, it is perceptible that a few cases are unmistakably an issue of concern arranging and hapless dynamic by bearing. The vital arranging is the restrictive obligation of the board. This accordingly calls attention to it that the board making plays a significant capacity in the achievement or disappointment of the worry. As is clear now, BP could hold put in progressively legit to extra reduce or keep up off from the danger of slanting oil into the sea. Indeed, even with Green Project Management, if BP ‘s pick was non to pass more in a peril reaction system, so perhaps they should hold rough the gathering costs fundamental for a tidy up action as they are at present beginning. ( hypertext move convention:/sustainablecitiescollective.com/richmaltzman/) The surrender of numerous organizations is as a result of misrepresentation. Misrepresentation could be in signifier of conceal and misleading by heading or in certain cases it could be the blend of both. The WorldCom in the United States and Maxwell, BCCI and Poly Peck in the United Kingdom are legitimate and living outlines. Another issue is the request of regulative accident, as featured in the occurrence of Enron. At that point Combined Code was acquainted in the UK with reproduce the speculator ‘s affirmation following numerous surrenders and friends disappointments of those enormous enterprises. The Directors are responsible for inside control in HSBC and for reexamining its productivity. Occasions have been made arrangements for sparing resources against unlawful utilization or demeanor ; for proceeding with great bookkeeping records ; and for the consistence of monetary data utilized inside the worry or for diary. Such occasions are considered to pull off rather than grab the peril of separation to accomplish concern points and can simply offer sensible and non complete announcement lined up with significant error, botch, losingss or misrepresentation. The activities other than permit HSBC Holdings to unclutter its obligations under the Handbook of Rules and Guidance gave by the Financial Services Authority, HSBC ‘s manage administrative natural structure. ( hypertext move convention:/www.hsbc.com )2.2.2 The Original Combined Code-1998The Combined Code is comprised of three boss examinations. The first joined codification fuses the proposals of the Cadbury, Greenbury and Hampel studiesCadbury Report ( Cadbury, Sir Adrian, 1992 )The Committee gave an extent of suggestions for good corporate organization in a Code of Best Practice. The Cadbury study tended to four boss nations viz. , Board of Directors, Non-official administrators, Executive supervisors and Company Accounts. The main proposals of the Cadbury study are clarified underneath: ( ICSA 2003 pp 151 †152 ) .Board of managersThe board should run into all the time, regulating the open introduction of the official course. Authority over the organization ought to be practiced mutually by the leading body of directors in general, with an unmistakably perceived division of obligation between the principle official and the president to stay away from mastery of the board by a distinctive individual or by a little gathering of official administrators. The Code contended that it was alluring to partition these capacities, with the goal that a similar individual did non transport out both. It did non region that a similar individual ought to ne'er be both president and principle official, however suggested that when this went on, there ought to be a solid free segment on board to move as a counter-power, with a perceived senior part to take them. The board should hold formal plan of undertakings explicitly saved to it for assurance to ensure way and control is relentlessly in its authorities and does non let power transportation to an all-powerful fundamental official or president.Non-official managersThere ought to be an adequate figure of non-administrators, appropriately qualified for the situations to ship weight. Non-official chiefs ought to have the option to pass on autonomous judgment and experience to the considerations of the that the official supervisors on their ain would miss. Non-official directors ought to be chosen through a proper technique and they ought to be named for a fixed term. Reappointment at the terminal of that term ought to non be automatic.Executive managersThe administration agreement of an official supervisor ought to non rise above three mature ages without investors favoring. The goal of this interest was to put a bound to the size of the result for an administrator who is compelled to go forward the organization, or delineation as a hapless open introduction and investor power per unit territory. The pay of the official administrators ought to be chosen by a pay commission, staying completely or predominantly of non-executives.The chronicles of the companyThe block should set a review commission of at any rate three non-executive

Fairness and Equality in Ecuador essays

Reasonableness and Equality in Ecuador expositions Ecuador is little nation in south America. is arranged over Perã º and underneath Venezuela and Colombia. Its populace is 12.500.000. there are diverse ethnic gatherings in Ecuador, there is mestizo (blended Amerindian and Spanish) 55%, Amerindian 25%, Spanish 10%, dark 10% (- 1-). The prevalent religion is Roman Catholicism. 90% of the populace knows how to peruse and compose. Ecuador is additionally exceptionally wealthy in convention and it has been honored with huge amounts of regular assets and a atmosphere that permits us to develop and deliver throughout the entire year nearly anything. The official language is Spanish however in Somme places they additionally talk a blend of Amerindian vernaculars particularly Quechua( undoubtedly spoken by Indians ) . In Ecuador like in most south American nations legislative issues are exceptionally adulterated. Ecuador isn't exceptionally reasonable for each one in its network since it doesnt give equivalent chance to each one,Ecuadors present day society unreasonable that you can nearly state that you are either brought into the world with or with out circumstance. One of the most huge variables that influence equivalent treatment is last names. Last names can be positive or negative it just depends WHAT your name is and what does it speak to society. Last names have a history appended. To have a decent name implies huge amounts of thing, implies you originate from a family known to each one since its been around in Ecuador at any rate throughout the previous 200 years and consistently have been known to be legitimate, all people were honorable men or appropriate women, dedicated, social graces, good manners, respectable, and the greater part of all it says that you can be trusted. While that individual can be the greatest hoodlum in Ecuadors history. A great deal of the lawmakers utilize their last names to extend a picture of truth what's more, trustworthiness to the individuals to make sure they can get a vote. A great deal of individuals depend on names for a great deal of things, the distinction between having a decent name or an awful ... <!

Report of Quantitative Research Essay -- Research Analysis

EL (English Learners) understudies are given an additional test of prevailing in the instruction framework never really absence of solid English comprehension and capacities. Creators Townsend, D. what's more, Collins, P. distributed the discoveries of their examination on EL understudies and the benefits of a specific learning program. Over a time of a while, the analysts contemplated and worked with understudies from a center school in southern California. Toward the finish of the examination, it was trusted that their endeavors would prompt an improvement in the understudies who took an interest in the projects comprehension of English jargon words. Research Questions/Hypotheses No particular speculation is noted, yet the scientists do address the issues that drive the examination. They express that the present examination is worried about, â€Å"applying proof based systems in another unique circumstance: pre-adult EL understudies learning general scholastic jargon words† (Townsend and Collins, 2009, p.997). The examination likewise addresses, â€Å"the degree to which there is an edge of English capability vital for understudies to learn general scholarly jargon words† (Townsend and Collins, 2009, p. 997). These issues are tended to by the accompanying examination question: 1. Will an after-school, proof based scholastic jargon advancement mediation increment the scholarly jargon information on center school EL? 2. What exactly degree does English learners’ capability in English intercede their reaction to a jargon advancement mediation? It was trusted by examining a gathering of center school understudies over a period that they would see development in those understudy who took part in a program intended to add English jargon understanding to their scholastic improvement would help them as EL understudies. T... ...s an extraordinary need to proceed and quicken the exploration and instructional endeavors to help the scholastic proficiency advancement of immature EL students† (p. 1015). An examination that consolidates more prominent components of jargon, understanding cognizance, and time, is seen to be required so as to improve EL learner’s instruction. Townsend and Collins accept that there research can prompt truly necessary further research and this can thusly help EL understudies accomplish in a more prominent instructive level. Works Cited Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., and Airasian, P. (2009). Instructive research: Competencies for examination and application (ninth ed.). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Merrill (Pearson). Townsend, D. and Collins, P. (2009). Scholarly jargon and center school English students: An intercession study. Perusing and Writing: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 22, 993-1019.

Angels Demons Chapter 134-137 Free Essays

134 Camerlegno Ventresca’s white robe surged as he descended the corridor away from the Sistine Chapel. The Swiss Guards had appeared to be baffled when he developed isolated from the house of prayer and revealed to them he required a snapshot of isolation. In any case, they had complied, releasing him. We will compose a custom paper test on Holy messengers Demons Chapter 134-137 or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Presently as he adjusted the corner and left their sight, the camerlegno felt a bedlam of feelings like nothing he thought conceivable in human experience. He had harmed the man he called â€Å"Holy Father,† the man who tended to him as â€Å"my son.† The camerlegno had consistently accepted the words â€Å"father† and â€Å"son† were strict custom, however now he knew the detestable truth †the words had been exacting. Like that pivotal night weeks prior, the camerlegno now felt himself reeling frantically through the murkiness. It was pouring the morning the Vatican staff slammed against the camerlegno’s entryway, arousing him from an erratic rest. The Pope, they stated, was not noting his entryway or his telephone. The pastorate were terrified. The camerlegno was the one in particular who could enter the Pope’s chambers unannounced. The camerlegno entered alone to discover the Pope, as he was the prior night, bent and dead in his bed. His Holiness’s face resembled that of Satan. His tongue dark like passing. The Devil himself had been resting in the Pope’s bed. The camerlegno felt no regret. God had spoken. No one would see the treachery†¦ not yet. That would come later. He declared the horrible news †His Holiness was dead of a stroke. At that point the camerlegno arranged for gathering. Mother Maria’s voice was murmuring in his ear. â€Å"Never break a guarantee to God.† â€Å"I hear you, Mother,† he answered. â€Å"It is a fickle world. They should be taken back to the way of exemplary nature. Awfulness and Hope. It is the main way.† â€Å"Yes,† she said. â€Å"If not you†¦ then who? Who will lead the congregation out of darkness?† Absolutely not one of the preferiti. They were old†¦ strolling death†¦ nonconformists who might follow the Pope, supporting science in his memory, looking for current devotees by relinquishing the old ways. Elderly people men frantically obsolete, unfortunately imagining they were definitely not. They would fizzle, obviously. The church’s quality was its convention, not its temporariness. The entire world was fleeting. The congregation didn't have to transform, it basically expected to remind the world it was applicable! Fiendish lives! God will survive! The congregation required a pioneer. Elderly people men don't move! Jesus enlivened! Youthful, energetic, powerful†¦ Miraculous. â€Å"Enjoy your tea,† the camerlegno told the four preferiti, leaving them in the Pope’s private library before gathering. â€Å"Your guide will be here soon.† The preferiti expressed gratitude toward him, all buzzing that they had been offered an opportunity to enter the celebrated Passetto. Generally extraordinary! The camerlegno, before leaving them, had opened the entryway to the Passetto, and precisely on time, the entryway had opened, and a remote looking cleric with a light had guided the energized preferiti in. The men had never come out. They will be the Horror. I will be the Hope. No†¦ I am the repulsiveness. The camerlegno stunned now through the obscurity of St. Peter’s Basilica. By one way or another, through the craziness and blame, through the pictures of his dad, through the torment and disclosure, even through the draw of the morphine†¦ he had discovered a splendid lucidity. A feeling of predetermination. I know my motivation, he thought, awed by its clarity. From the earliest starting point, nothing this evening had gone precisely as he had arranged. Unexpected hindrances had introduced themselves, yet the camerlegno had adjusted, making intense changes. In any case, he had never envisioned today would end along these lines, but then now he saw its destined greatness. It could end no other way. Gracious, what fear he had felt in the Sistine Chapel, thinking about whether God had neglected him! Goodness, what deeds He had appointed! He had tumbled to his knees, inundated with question, his ears stressing for the voice of God yet hearing just quiet. He had asked for a sign. Direction. Course. Was this God’s will? The congregation wrecked by embarrassment and horrifying presence? No! God was the person who had willed the camerlegno to act! Hadn’t He? At that point he had seen it. Sitting on the raised area. A sign. Divine correspondence †something customary found in an uncommon light. The cross. Unassuming, wooden. Jesus on the cross. At that time, it had all come clear†¦ the camerlegno was not the only one. He could never be distant from everyone else. This was His will†¦ His significance. God had consistently solicited incredible penance from those he cherished most. Why had the camerlegno been so delayed to get it? Is it true that he was excessively dreadful? Excessively unassuming? It had no effect. God had discovered a way. The camerlegno even saw now why Robert Langdon had been spared. It was to bring reality. To force this closure. This was the sole way to the church’s salvation! The camerlegno felt like he was coasting as he slipped into the Niche of the Palliums. The flood of morphine appeared to be persistent now, however he realized God was managing him. Out yonder, he could hear the cardinals clamoring in disarray as they poured from the church, hollering orders to the Swiss Guard. Be that as it may, they could never discover him. Not in time. The camerlegno felt himself drawn†¦ faster†¦ sliding the steps into the depressed territory where the ninety-nine oil lights shone splendidly. God was returning him to Holy Ground. The camerlegno pushed toward the mesh covering the opening that drove down to the Necropolis. The Necropolis is the place this night would end. In the hallowed dimness beneath. He lifted an oil light, planning to slip. Yet, as he moved over the Niche, the camerlegno stopped. Something about this felt wrong. How did this serve God? A single and quiet end? Jesus had endured before the eyes of the whole world. Unquestionably this couldn't be God’s will! The camerlegno tuned in for the voice of his God, yet heard just the obscuring buzz of medications. â€Å"Carlo.† It was his mom. â€Å"God has plans for you.† Confounded, the camerlegno continued moving. At that point, all of a sudden, God showed up. The camerlegno held back, gazing. The light of the ninety-nine oil lamps had tossed the camerlegno’s shadow on the marble divider close to him. Goliath and frightful. A dim structure encompassed by brilliant light. With blazes glimmering surrounding him, the camerlegno appeared as though a blessed messenger rising to paradise. He stood a second, raising his arms to his sides, watching his own picture. At that point he turned, thinking back up the steps. God’s significance was clear. Three minutes had gone in the disordered lobbies outside the Sistine Chapel, and still no one could find the camerlegno. Maybe the man had been gobbled up constantly. Mortati was going to request a full-scale search of Vatican City when a thunder of celebration ejected outside in St. Peter’s Square. The unconstrained festival of the group was wild. The cardinals all traded alarmed looks. Mortati shut his eyes. â€Å"God help us.† For the second time that night, the College of Cardinals overwhelmed onto St. Peter’s Square. Langdon and Vittoria were cleared up in the shaking horde of cardinals, and they also rose into the night air. The media lights and cameras were totally turned toward the basilica. Also, there, having quite recently ventured onto the consecrated Papal Balcony situated in the specific focal point of the transcending fa;ade, Camerlegno Carlo Ventresca remained with his arms raised to the sky. Indeed, even distant, he appeared as though immaculateness in bodily form. A puppet. Wearing white. Overwhelmed with light. The vitality in the square appeared to develop like a peaking wave, and at the same time the Swiss Guard obstructions gave way. The majority spilled toward the basilica in an euphoric deluge of humankind. The attack surged forward †individuals crying, singing, media cameras blazing. Anarchy. As the individuals overwhelmed in around the front of the basilica, the turmoil increased, until it appeared to be nothing could stop it. And afterward something did. High over, the camerlegno made the littlest of signals. He collapsed his hands before him. At that point he bowed his head in quiet petition. Individually, at that point handfuls by handfuls, at that point hundreds by hundreds, the individuals bowed their heads alongside him. The square fell silent†¦ as though a spell had been thrown. In his psyche, whirling and removed now, the camerlegno’s supplications were a downpour of expectations and sorrows†¦ pardon me, Father†¦ Mother†¦ loaded with grace†¦ you are the church†¦ may you comprehend this penance of your lone conceived child. Gracious, my Jesus†¦ spare us from the flames of hell†¦ take all spirits to paradise, particularly, those most needing thy mercy†¦ The camerlegno didn't make him fully aware of see the crowds beneath him, the TV cameras, the entire world viewing. He could feel it in his spirit. Indeed, even in his anguish, the solidarity existing apart from everything else was inebriating. Maybe a connective web had shot out every which way around the world. Before TVs, at home, and in vehicles, the world implored as one. Like neural connections of a mammoth heart all terminating couple, the individuals went after God, in many dialects, in several nations. The words they murmured were infant but then as recognizable to them as their own voices†¦ old truths†¦ engraved on the spirit. The consonance felt interminable. As the quietness lifted, the upbeat strains of singing started to rise once more. He realized the second had come. Most Holy Trinity, I offer Thee the most valuable Body, Blood, Soul†¦ in reparation for the shock, heresies, and indifferences†¦ The camerlegno as of now felt the physical agony setting in

4 pieces of career advice no one will give you

4 bits of profession guidance nobody will give you You’ve heard all the works of art previously (counting from us!): revamp constantly your resume. Practice your non-verbal communication. Keep your system evergreen, since no one can really tell when you’ll need it. These are exceedingly significant and helpful hints for anyone’s profession, regardless of what the business. Be that as it may, if you’re simply beginning, there are some more†¦off-the-record things that everybody learns the most difficult way possible, yet individuals don’t truly talk about. Let’s take a gander at a portion of the things that happen to the vast majority of us, yet aren’t fundamentally in the profession guides. 1. You’re going to fall flat (sometimes)That sounds excessively brutal and negative, isn't that so? Be that as it may, it’s likewise evident. You’re not going to bomb constantly, or more often than not don’t stress. Be that as it may, now and again, things will go sev erely, and you will run into the enormous â€Å"F.† It happens to us all the straight-An overachievers, the person who doesn’t care, the prepared proficient. Now and again things just aren’t going to work out in a good way. And keeping in mind that it very well may be upsetting, particularly on the off chance that it prompts negative criticism or expert results, you must have the option to ingest it, take what exercises you can, and proceed onward. Furthermore, when it occurs, recall that you’re not the only one, and that the absolute most significant exercises originate from falling all over once in a while.2. Set work-life limits earlyAt the beginning of any new position or profession way, you need to set an extraordinary initial introduction. The person who begins early (or is immaculately on time each day), remains late, deftly reacts to a nightfall email. Here’s the issue with that approach: it can transform into business as usual rapidly, as individuals begin to expect that your hard-charging ways are only the manner in which you work and what they can anticipate from you. This isn't to state you should relax, or attempt to set desires low. Or maybe, ensure you’re marking out close to home limits and that you have individual outlets that parity out the activity. On the off chance that you don’t have an exercise schedule, or de-focusing on movement, or something that keeps you cheerful and satisfied outside of work, that’s a most optimized plan of attack to burnout.3. Don’t take everything so seriouslyYes, your profession is significant. Indeed, you ought to be a solid supporter for yourself and not take poo from anybody. Be that as it may, if you’ve got your Game Face on constantly grinding away, you risk distancing associates, supervisors, anybody on the less than desirable finish of your â€Å"don’t meddle with me† vibe. Being adaptable (and ready to make a stride back and relax) when fundamental will assist you with keeping a sort of balance at work.4. It’s alright to have fraud syndromeYou’ve most likely found out about â€Å"imposter syndrome,† where individuals feel like they’re lacking at their employments and that every other person is on the cusp of making sense of that they don’t have a place there. Turns out, a little instability can go far toward helping your vocation. On the off chance that you feel a mind-boggling feeling of inadequacy, that could imply that you need additionally preparing or direction. In any case, in the event that you have an inclination that you could take that feeling and direct it into proficient turn of events, or working all the more productively, at that point it tends to be a help to your career.No matter what your identity is, regardless of what work you do, the most significant profession counsel of everything is â€Å"don’t worry.† As long as you’re s triving to develop yourself at each progression of your vocation, you don’t consistently need to stress over whether you’re following the correct exhortation it simply must be legitimate for you and your objectives.

Fascinating Argumentative Essay Sample on 1984 Movie

Argumentative Essay Sample on 1984 Movie Movie Analysis Introduction People tend to underestimate the role and meanings of movies. They think that films are there simply for entertainment while movies can actually carry important messages and bring interesting topics up. For example, there is a movie 1984 based on the famous novel of the same name which reveals many important sociological aspects. Thanks to the film, readers understand that a person is a product of its society that tries to influence it in political and economic way, and the person tries to rebel using his or her cultural and personal capacities; the movie also shows how a person can be broken by the mass influence and manipulation.

Philosophy Strength and Weaknesses of the Kantian theory - 1100 Words

Philosophy Essay: Strength and Weaknesses of the Kantian theory (Essay Sample) Content: Philosophy EssayInstitutionNamePhilosophy EssayThe dual system of government refers to the way of ruling where by the diarchal political system of the people known as the Tibetan people in whom the temporal ruler has to coexist with the spiritual authority of what is the realm. The two ruling bodies are unified under a third ruler. The actual distribution of power was lasting that was taking place between the institutions was varying over time and locations (Grodzins, 2006). We can use the name chos-srid-gnyyis to mean both Dharma and temporal. In other terms, the word could be translated to mean the dual system of both politics and religion. In this kind of leadership the patron is the ultimate ruler and also acts as the protector of the state religion. It is because of these reasons that we may end up having people liking some of the aspects of the dual system of government and it may go to the level of the Supreme Governance. We also have the other aspects that are resembling the secularism that is aiming at separating the doctrines of politics and religion. When working under the Cho-sid-nyi, we have both the temporal and the religious authorities wield actually the political, albeit within what are separate institutions.In the modern society, we only have the kingdom of Bhutan that is operating under the Cho-sid-nyi and it tends to exist in a form that people have highly modified (Schfer et al., 2009). In the year 2008, we had the enactment of the constitution of the Bhutan, and it was confirming the commitment of the Bhutan to the Cho-Sid-Nyi. However, in the constitution we do not have the name or even the tittle Druk Desi  does not appear in the constitution and we have the all the powers vested in the Druk Gyalpo and other civilian offices. Furthermore, we also have the Drok Gyalpo appointing the Je Khenpo relying on the advice of the Five Lopons. The democratic constitution is the lands supreme law and not the Shabdrung figurehead.W hen we talk of the social contract theory, the main idea that we are discussing is the morality and the governing behavior. According to the social contract theory, morality is critical as it consists of a set of rules that is governing the behavior of the people and that the rational people will accept these conditions as long as the other people also accept the conditions. When we look back at the beginning of human civilization, we shall realize that the social contracts and behavior have been critical in helping in the process of structuring how the government and the people were working together. The issue of marriage, employment and citizenship are a form of contracts. Many ill just say that a contract is an agreement that takes place between the two people. The contract will remain valid as long as all the people who signed the contract agree to the terms and follow the terms strictly. Different societies in the world have governments that tend to control the way they think a nd act. Many people who believe in this form of theory tend to believe that people always benefit when they are living together in kingdoms, country, and other government oversight. When people are living in the society, they tend to require the rules and the regulations. According to the social contract theory, the society is the result of the compromises, and the social contracts will end up providing the framework of the way the government and the people work and interact with one another. Different individuals who live in the social structure tend to gain protection from the outsiders who by any chance my try to harm the people of the particular society. In return, the people in the society have to give up another kind of freedom as the ability to commit crimes and avoiding punishment. People should also commit their time to making the society stable, happy and wealthy.We can take an example of the sources of power in Europe whereby the social contract they were challenging both the moral and political elements. During this time, politics and morality happened to be linked. It was the obligation of the rulers to ensure fairness in their way of ruling so that each member of the society will be able to receive what is rightly his. The people in the society, on the other hand, were to help the rulers to improve the society by holding the leaders accountable for their acts and try to improve the society.Kants social and political philosophyKant was categorical in his writing whereby he was trying to champion for the enlightenment as a general objective and the idea of freedom in particular (Ameriks et al., 2009). The works of Kent came as both the natural together with the social contract traditions. He was categorical when he was stating that every rational being has the innate right to freedom together with the duty of entering into the civil condition that was governed by the social contract so that they can realize as well as preserve the freedom.Strength and weaknesses of the Kantian theoryStrengthsRegarding the strengths, Kant is distinguishing the political philosophy within the practical philosophy coming from both the empirical and the virtue elements. Empirical is discussing a set or rules that govern the behavior of the people. In political philosophy, he is discussing the various ethical issues that are important in the governing of the p...

Vanessa and Disegregated Schools - 1193 Words

â€Å".... I would have liked to have experienced the all black school, I enjoy my people.† Vanessa Warren is addressing the integration of the public schools in the late 1960’s. Warren was born on January 17, 1958 in Lancaster, Kentucky to Madison and Anna Warren. Her father worked in a sewage treatment plant and her mother worked as cafeteria worker in the public schools. Vanessa Warren started attending school the year of integration in the Garrard County school system, while her two older sisters had the opportunity to attend the segregated schools. There is a common belief that all African Americans wanted to wanted complete integration from public water fountains to public school systems. In the south the father racism outside of racism were Jim Crow laws, his son was â€Å"separate but equal†. This gave birth to the idea of legal segregation. The idea of a separate but equal society had been deemed acceptable by the United States Supreme Court case of Ple ssy v. Ferguson. However, as seen with Warren’s statement this is was not necessarily the case. In the 1980’s a perpetuation theory was developed that examined the probable cause for this anti-desegregation thinking within some African American students. The perpetuation theory is based around the idea of African Americans perpetually segregating themselves from a lack experience in a desegregated environment. In the absence of this knowledge these students begin to underestimate and overestimate the hostility of

Prisoners Sexual Aggression And Rape Among People

Prisoner-on-prisoner sexual aggression and rape among people in prison is a serious issue with a longstanding history. Trauma histories and institutional violence are two serious problems faced by a multitude of women currently in prison. Women’s prisons have a high rate of institutional violence, with inmates being both victims and perpetrators of sexual assault. More U.S. women are currently incarcerated than ever before. In fact, it was found that the rate of increase of incarceration among females is actually greater than that of males in many different classes of crimes (Brown, 2011). Three of the ten U.S. prisons with the highest rates of inmate-reported sexual violence were actually women s prisons, with 10.8% of inmates at an Indiana prison, 10.3% at a California prison, and 9.5% at a Texas prison reported being sexually victimized while incarcerated (Beck Harrison, 2008). This research shows that female inmate-on-inmate violence tends to be less than that among male inmates, but rates are still high enough to warrant concern. For example, Beck, Harrison, and Adams (2007) found that female inmates were the victims in 18% of all alleged cases of inmate-on-inmate sexual violence reported by prison authorities in 2006. The prevalence of prisoner-on-prisoner sexual violence has been documented through a 2007 national survey that provided estimates of sexual violence from a large sample size of more than 20,000 inmates. For a 12-month period, it was estimated thatShow MoreRelated Prison Essay1488 Words   |  6 Pagesaggressive sexual act known as inmate rape. The fight against rape in our communities is doomed to failure and will continue so as long as it ignores the network of training grounds for rapists: our prisons, jails and reform schools. For too long, we have turned away from the rape crisis in these institutions, which now hold 1.3 million men and boys. In most of them, rape is an entrenched tradition considered by prisoners a legitimate way to `prove their manhood and to satisfy sexual needs and theRead MoreThe Criminal Lawsuit And Rape1640 Words   |  7 PagesThe Pennsylvania Attorney General’s office recently came under fire for filing their defense in a federal lawsuit and rape case: the office included â€Å"contributory negligence† in its defense, citing that the victim—who was working as a prison clerk at the same state prison her rapist was serving his sentence at—knew that the prisoner had open access to her office and therefore partially contributed to her assault. The two problems that arise from this are (1) contributory negligence is tort rule thatRead MoreThe Connection Between Substance Abuse and Sexual Assault Essay2277 Words   |  10 Pagesconnection between substance abuse and sexual assault. 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Overall, I have liked the thoroughness of this book and all the interesting insights in which I have never come upon with other books talking about the Third Reich, I don’t recommend taking this for pleasure reading but rather for research purpose only as to be honest, it was quite boring in my opinion. The Rape of Nanking Introduction The forgottenRead MorePrison Overcrowding Essay3058 Words   |  13 Pageslawmaking, and law enforcement. All of these things and more will be and are affected by this issue. Prisons in the United States are funded by taxes. The average cost of locking someone up is over $30,000 a year. The high costs are not just for the prisoners needs but for security personnel and the physical plant (Smith, 2006). In 1995 governmental units collectively spent 5.1 billion dollars for the creation of new prisons and prison space and for every 100 million spent it is estimated that it willRead MorePrevention Programs : Rape, And The Safer Travel At Night Campaign Program2369 Words   |  10 PagesPrevention Programs: Forcible rape has been an ongoing problem in the United States for many years. Researchers and scientist have experimented for years with different programs targeting specific groups in order to deter further rape, sexual assault, and abuse from occurring. There are many programs that have been put into action over the years; two of the most well-known and successful programs were Project 290/Sexual Habitual Offender Program (SHOP) and the Safer Travel at Night Campaign programRead More Violence Towards Women in Tibet Essay5190 Words   |  21 Pageswomen can also have numerous husbands. Among poor people, polyandry was very common. Brothers would share a wife so they would not have to divide their land and wealth. In this manner, they could keep the money and possessions they owned within the family. On the contrary, within some poor families, sisters would share one husband. Although polygamy and polyandry are legal within Tibet and may be prevalent in poor areas, the practi ce has been reduced. Among rich families, monogamy is much moreRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency : The United States1458 Words   |  6 Pagesfor delinquent youth behavior. Juvenile crime is on the rise and is one of the nation’s serious problems. Concerns about these crimes are widely shared by government officials from federal, state, local, and the public. Given its association with aggression, substance abuse, mental health problems and generally disruptive behavior, juvenile delinquency requires high levels of public policy and media attention from professionals located within multiple disciplines in social work, psychology, law and

The Problem Of The Older Adult Population Essay - 1685 Words

The older adult population in the United States has steadily increased thanks to technology and medical advances. While this definitely is an undeniable achievement, it also creates some challenges that society was not as prevalent to face before. Now that people are living longer it’s also means that often times family members are becoming caregivers to their loved ones during their so called golden years. Not only may it be difficult to care for a loved one, but it also becomes even more burdensome when their loved has a disability. In fact â€Å"dementia is one of the major causes of disability and dependency among older people worldwide.† (2016). Fortunately there are adult day centers that serve people with dementia and provide services that can benefit them. However many times caregivers are forgotten about and aren’t provided services that can also benefit them as well. While it does take a bit of pressure off of the caregivers while their loved ones are a t the day center, it does not eliminate all the other effects. Many people may not be aware that there are detrimental effects that a caregiver may experience as a result of caring for someone with dementia. While caregiving for an older adult may be demanding in general, caring for a loved one with dementia potentially can be even more strenuous due to the nature of the illness. Dementia is â€Å"associated with a decline in memory or other thinking skills severe enough to reduce a person s ability to perform everydayShow MoreRelatedSexually Transmitted Diseases ( Std ) Essay1381 Words   |  6 PagesTransmitted Diseases (STD) are one of the most common and preventable health care problems in the world. The ageism of the population and the increase in the number of older adults, along with healthcare advances that provide better and longer quality of life, has encourage changes in sexuality amongst older adults. This increase has prompted healthcare workers to familiarize themselves with the sexuality of older adults. In this report, I plan to discuss the significance of this topic, the concernRead MoreThe Depression Of Older Adult Depression1667 Words   |  7 PagesAs the number of the older adults is increasing so are those living with depression; therefore, it is important that perceptions around older adult depression be studied. According to the study done by the US Department of Commerce, it is estimated that the older adult population will more than likely double by 2050 and of 80 million and many as 1 in 5 Americans would be considered as an older adult (US Department of Commerce, 1995). There are many losses that accompany the aging process. 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Because this is an issue affecting an ever-growing number of the country’s population, the focus of our practice based research project will be based primarily on the increasing number of older adults who are becoming addicted to prescription drugs. To define our terms more precisely we must first discuss who falls in the category of â€Å"older adult.† For this assignment, the term â€Å"older adult† can be defined as an individualRead MoreSubstance Abuse Among The Elderly1473 Words   |  6 Pagesdefined as those Americans born between 1946 and 1964, turn 65 in 2011. The number of older Americans will increase from 35 to 70 million by the year 2030 (Federal Interagency Forum on Aging-Related Statistics, 2000). The nation’s population will increase 18% during and the population aged 65 and older will increase 78% ( Wan, Sengupta, Velkoff, DeBarros, 2005). 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This problem is recognized as a tragedy that impacts older adults of all races, cultures, sexual orientations, social class and geographic areas. Additionally, this is a critical public health problem that has negative consequences on the health and well-being of older adults. Although the definitions of elder abuse vary, the U.S Administration

Analysis Of My Papas Waltz - 1471 Words

Poems are written to convey the feelings, thoughts, and emotions of the poet and are meant to be analyzed. People have different views and interpretations of poems going from one extreme to another. This poem can be looked at from two perspectives: a happy and playful exchange between father and son or parent abuse. Looking at the title of the poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz†, by Theodore Roethke, I got positive vibes and thought it would be about a kid and his father dancing. Papa is usually a word used by a young boy or girl to get the attention of their loving father and a waltz is a dance usually demonstrating happy times. The first time reading it through I continued to think that it was a poem about a father and a son just dancing around†¦show more content†¦He didn’t want to let go because he didn’t know what would happen if he did. â€Å"Such waltzing was not easy† made me realize that the son and the father were actually dancing, but ga ve me the idea that the young boy was helpless and didn’t have a choice. Dancing with a sober father isn’t easy, but dancing with a drunken father is even more difficult. As you may think this dancing is just a form of father-son bonding, it really is not. The kid is not enjoying the dancing going on between the two of them because it seems more painful than enjoyable. Depending on how you read a poem, you develop different ideas. I took this poem as an abusive family relationship and thought of the theme as power. It is obvious and typical to assume that the man is the head of the household, but I think his power is a little more than just holding that title. The way the father acts towards his son and wife shows weakness in the two of them. The abuse that is going on is not how a family usually works. Not only is he leading the son every step of the dance but the father clearly has a lot of power over the wife too. She stands and watches, not even attempting to stop the two from turning her kitchen into a complete mess. This can show that she may fear her husband’s actions which gives him more power than he already had. Determining the speaker of any poemShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of My Papas Waltz1001 Words   |  5 PagesDue to Theodore Roethke’s use of imagery, syntax, and diction, â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† continues to spur passionate academic debate from professors, scholars, and students alike. Roethke uses these elements to allow the reader to recognize that he is reminiscing the intricate relationship he and his father shared. Although it is not essential, one could put the historical context into consideration. Evidently, there will always be individuals that see only abuse or a fond memory; however, we will neverRead MoreMy Papas Waltz Personal Analysis1473 Words   |  6 PagesEssay†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦2 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Bibliography †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6 Introduction: For this paper, you will be able to encounter the various meanings, tones, structure, my personal opinion and analysis of the poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Theodore Roethke. For more to add, you will also encounter with a brief biography of the poet Roethke which will explain why the poet wrote this poem and how much meaning it has for him. The reason why I chose thisRead More Analysis of My Papas Waltz by Theodore Rothke Essay521 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of My Papas Waltz by Theodore Rothke My Papas Waltz is by Theodore Rothke it is about a childhood memory written later in his lifetime. Theodore Rothkes dad was an alcoholic drunk. Theodore Rothke went through a period where he was depressed and mentally unstable. Theodore Rothke was fascinated by the nature of the world; many of his poems were about this subject. Some people who read My Papas Waltz come to the conclusion that it is about a drunken abusive father. However, I thinkRead MoreEssay on Analysis of My Papas Waltz680 Words   |  3 PagesIn the poem My Papas Waltz written by Theodore Roethke, the interpretation of the poem depends on the readers`perspective. Some people think that this poem is one of a happy exchange between a father and son. Other people believe that this poem has a hidden message of parental abuse. In my point of view, the imagery and language, the symbolism, and tone in the poem gave me the impression of the love between the father and son, not of an abusive relationship. My Papas Waltz is a poem presentedRead MoreAnalysis of Theodore Roethke’s â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† Essay733 Words   |  3 PagesAnalysis of Theodore Roethke’s â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† Theodore Roethke’s poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† illustrates a nightly ritual between a working-class father and his young son. In the first stanza a young boy holds tightly to his father. The second stanza describes a playful roughhousing between father and son. The fourth stanza shows again the boy’s unwillingness to let go of his father. Roethke’s AB rhyming scheme and waltz-like meter set a light and joyful cadence. The music of the waltz comes throughRead MoreCritical Analysis of My Papa’s Waltz by Theodore Roethke757 Words   |  3 Pagesattitude toward his father Otto was depicted in his widely anthologized work My Papas Waltz written on 1948. Apparently, Roethkes filial anxieties stemmed from the trauma of his father’s death, which interrupted the adolescents successful passage through oedipal rivalry (Garraty and Carnes). Roethkes drive to master his precursors, however, led him to forge significant literary innovations. By reading the poem â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† by Theodore Roethke, the reader might see either a loving relationshipRead MoreMy Papas Waltz: an Analysis of Speaker and Situation Essay772 Words   |  4 PagesThe poem My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke is a moving representation of childhood spent in a working middle class family. The speaker of this poem is a man recalling his childhood, his father and his mother through the means of a waltz. The following essay will present a detailed analysis of the dramatic situation and speaker through the explanations of the various poetic tools used in this poem such as similes, choice of words and style. Theodore Roethke portrays the father figureRead MoreAn Analysis of Theodore Roethkes My Papas Waltz3287 Words   |  13 Pagesï » ¿Discussion #1: Part I: My Papas Waltz by Theodore Roethke appears ambiguous, especially at the first reading. The main reason for this is the type of diction the author uses. Stanza 1 seems innocent enough, for example, where the speaker ends by referring to waltzing. Although he refers to the dance as not easy, it can still be that the father indulged a little and started playing with his boy. In the second stanza, the word romped further confirms a sense of fun, despite the mothersRead MoreAnalysis Of My Papas Waltz By Theodore Roethke1062 Words   |  5 PagesTheodore Roethke’s poem, â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† spurs passionate academic debates among professors, scholars, and students; the imagery, context, and diction of the poem clearly supports the interpretation that Roethke writes â€Å"My Papa’s Waltz† reflecting on his relationship with his father. A relationship in which, notably, causes harm to the author. However, through all the nights Roethke spent in pain and in horror, his love for his father still exists. While many people believe that the author tellsRead MoreAnalysis Of My Papas Waltz By Robert Frost777 Words   |  4 Pages(Kennedy Gioia, 2016).† Frost intended for the questioner to think about the words he said, try to understand the simple statement he said. When reading poetry, one must understand the writing and involve themselves in the reading. In the poem My Papa’s Waltz, by Theodore Roethke, is a prime example of reading and understanding the poem. By putting yourself in the story and imagining yourself being the boy drug around by a drunken Papa, you involve yourself so much that you develop feelings and sadness

Analysis Of The E-Commerce Websites OZSALE And Implementation

Question: Discuss about the Analysis Of The Current E-Commerce Websites And The Implementation Strategy. Answer: Introduction E-commerce is the type of business that can be conducted online (Chiu et al. 2014). The business for the organizations can be easily conducted by the online transactions that take place on the website. The system consists of the following features such as mobile business, online transactions and also conducting online payments. It is a very important part of the business for can kind of business organization. The report is used for the discussion of the analysis of the current e-commerce websites and the implementation strategy for the formation of the e-commerce website. The OZSALE is used for the report as the E-Commerce website. The report consists of the discussion about the current situations of the OZSALE website and the information which they should use for the formation of a new website. In addition to this some recommendations for the organization are provided in the essay for transforming the current website from national to international level. OZSALE website The E-commerce is a very important platform for the small and the medium sized business website that are important for the development of the socio-economic growth of a population (Fang et al. 2014). The medium sized organizations are the most important part of a countries economy. With the steady development in the internet there has also been a steady development in the growth of the e-commerce businesses. There has been a major development in the business to business and the business to consumer e-commerce models. With the growth in the E-Commerce the business opportunities for the Small and Medium Enterprises have also developed to a great level. In addition to this the E-Commerce websites have provided great opportunities to the start-ups and the entrepreneurs in the business. These companies can go online to explore new areas of the business and the new target market for their businesses. In addition to this, the businesses that have the off line set up can very easily avail th e online part of the business. The OZSALE has used this concepts very easily. The OZSALE is the number one shopping website in Australia. It provides the doorstep delivery to the customers. The website that is created by the organization for the sale of their products is very effective. The website also has a very user friendly layout providing the users with very easy accessibility of the website. The users can very easily log in to the website. They can just use their Facebook accounts to become a member of the website. The people can find a variety of product on the website. The products of the company are divided into different categories in the website. The users can browse through the different categories in the website and also select their desired product and order it online. In addition to this, the users also can provide their information and can store it in the websites databases. The Business features of the Company The Company does their business online (Huang and Benyoucef, 2013). The customers of the company can choose their choice of products from their online services and the products are delivered to their doorsteps. The website allows the company and the customers to communicate with each other. The website also provides efficient payment options for the customers online. The website also provides an option of inviting a friend and obtaining a reward of 20%. This would improve the business of the company. The website also provides their customers free membership. The positive and negative aspects of the website The positive aspects of the website are (Hannak et al. 2014): The website is very easily accessible and the browsing through the products in the website are also very easy. The website provides a very useful checkout option to the users. The website also categorizes the products efficiently. The website also provides a very attractive outlook. The negative aspects of the websites are: The products are very limited. The branded products are very costly in the website. The website does not provide the customer with an option of Cash on delivery. Analysis of the website design The website is designed in ASP.NET. The user interface of the website have been designed very efficiently and the navigation options of the website are also very efficient. In addition to this the website would have been much more if the website was being designed in PHP language. The website also provides the users the option of blogging this would be very useful for the users as they would be able to know about the reviews of the product (Xiao and Benbasat, 2014). They would also be able to discuss about the products and also availability of the new products in the market. In addition to this the website provides the user to interact with the website with their social network accounts. This would be helping the users to have to register to the website again and again. In addition to this the website does not provide the users the option of the cash on delivery option and this is very in efficient on the part of the website. The website would be very efficient as the developers have provided a very efficient navigations for the users. The overall development of the website has been very efficient. But, there are some small requirements of the website on updating those features the website could be more efficient. Comparison of the current Business model and the website life cycle The Website life cycle has four major stages: Planning, Building, Sustaining and Improving. In the planning phase the requirements of the users, the technical integration of the systems, the designing of the system, content of the system, promotion of the system and the marketing of the system are involved (Li and Karahanna, 2015). In the current website these processes were performed very efficiently. The designing of the website is very efficient. The navigation of the website is very efficient and the categorization of the products of the company are very efficient. In the building phase of the website is generally involved with the documentation of the website and the preparation of the content of the website, and the project management for the website project is also done in this phase. The current business model that is in place for the company is efficient and also the contents of the company are very efficient. This would be useful for the customers to use. The Sustaining phase of the website involves the promotion of the website and also the day-to day management of the website and also involved in this stage is the marketing of the products in the website. The OZSALE website is very nicely designed and also the website design is very attractive. Hence, this would be attracting the customers effectively. The website is also updated regularly and hence, the maintenance of the website is done very efficiently. The Improving stages involve the research, website testing and the innovation of the website. The company hence requires a lot of research on the improvement of the website and also the website requires improvement on the cash on delivery part. And hence, the improving stage of the website is on progress. E-Commerce implementation strategy The Business of the organization is only available within Australia and hence, if the company is looking to expand its business than they should look to incorporate with the international courier service providers. This would help to deliver their products outside the continent. This would also try to satisfy their overseas customers. The company should also look to increase their range of products and also should look to introduce new brands to their array of products. The company should look to incorporate the cash on delivery options for their customers. All these improvement would be helping the company to grow their business. Recommendation For the improvement of the overall efficiency of the business some recommendations are provided. International courier services: The Company should try to incorporate with the international courier services that would be helping the company to grow on the international level. Cash on delivery: the company should look to provide the customers the option of the cash on delivery. This would be helping the company to grow their business. The customers of the company would be more satisfied with the company by this procedures. Increase Products: The Company should try to increase the range of products that are offered by them. This would allow more brands to incorporate with the company and also increase the customer satisfactions. Conclusion For conclusion it can be said that the company identified for this report is the OZSALE Company. The e-commerce business and the analysis of the company is also done in this report. In addition to this, the report contains the pros and cons of the company website. Additionally, the company is looking to expand its business worldwide and hence, the possible recommendations for the company to expand its business is provided in this report. References Barreira, J., Martins, J., Gonalves, R., Branco, F. and Cota, M.P., 2016, October. Analysis, Specification and Design of an e-Commerce Platform That Supports Lve Product Customization. In International Conference on Software Process Improvement (pp. 267-274). Springer International Publishing. Chiu, C.M., Wang, E.T., Fang, Y.H. and Huang, H.Y., 2014. Understanding customers' repeat purchase intentions in B2C e?commerce: the roles of utilitarian value, hedonic value and perceived risk. Information Systems Journal, 24(1), pp.85-114. Fang, Y., Qureshi, I., Sun, H., McCole, P., Ramsey, E. and Lim, K.H., 2014. Trust, Satisfaction, and Online Repurchase Intention: The Moderating Role of Perceived Effectiveness of E-Commerce Institutional Mechanisms. Mis Quarterly, 38(2), pp.407-427. Gomez-Herrera, E., Martens, B. and Turlea, G., 2014. The drivers and impediments for cross-border e-commerce in the EU. Information Economics and Policy, 28, pp.83-96. Hannak, A., Soeller, G., Lazer, D., Mislove, A. and Wilson, C., 2014, November. Measuring price discrimination and steering on e-commerce web sites. In Proceedings of the 2014 conference on internet measurement conference (pp. 305-318). ACM. Hartono, E., Holsapple, C.W., Kim, K.Y., Na, K.S. and Simpson, J.T., 2014. Measuring perceived security in B2C electronic commerce website usage: A respecification and validation. Decision Support Systems, 62, pp.11-21. Huang, Z. and Benyoucef, M., 2013. From e-commerce to social commerce: A close look at design features. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 12(4), pp.246-259. Li, S.S. and Karahanna, E., 2015. Online recommendation systems in a B2C E-commerce context: a review and future directions. Journal of the Association for Information Systems, 16(2), p.72. Maity, M. and Dass, M., 2014. Consumer decision-making across modern and traditional channels: E-commerce, m-commerce, in-store. Decision Support Systems, 61, pp.34-46. Xiao, B. and Benbasat, I., 2014. Research on the use, characteristics, and impact of e-commerce product recommendation agents: A review and update for 20072012. In Handbook of Strategic e-Business Management (pp. 403-431). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

Assessment and Performance Planning †Free Samples to Samples

Question: Discuss about the Assessment and Performance Planning. Answer: Introduction Since the event of the bushfire in Victoria, many surveys have been done in connection with what happened and what need to be done to curb such house losses in the future. The main questions, which result from the loss rotate, are what are the major conditions, which gave rise to such house losses? Different views have been offered by different experts on what can be done in order to prevent many losses, which result from the bushfires. From the surveys, it is clear that different modes do apply when the bushfire is attacking the house. This is able to result to different levels of damages o the houses (SBS News, 2014). This paper will be able to analyze the lessons which were learnt from the house loss survey in Victoria. In addition, this paper will move into details to the conditions, which gave rise to the house losses and make a conclusion on the state of house survival under the conditions. Lastly, this paper will analyze the final report of the Victorian Royal Commission and a nalyze whether it helps in providing better building and construction conditions to curb such house losses in future in relation to the state and territory rules. Different house loss survey has been conducted since the Victorian fire happen to determine what went wrong to have as such increased house losses in the location from the wildfire. One of the key lesson learnt is that the prevent mechanism on the houses was not meant to cater for the wildfires. It was clear that the construction standards on the location took little account of the risk of the bushfire although the area was known to have such risk. This is a key consideration which should have been made during the construction and ensure proper mechanisms were taken to minimize the house loss in case of the risk happen (SBS News, 2014). The surveys conducted on the houses lost shown that very little was done to minimize such risks on the event of happening. In addition, another key lesson learnt from the wildfire and event is that the warnings about imminent fires or even fire weather and the key advice about evaluations procedures were confusing (Government Printer for the State of Victoria, 2010). This means that the time to come into way forward on the way to handle the fire would be long and thus lead to much damage. On the event of risk occurring, quick resolution methods, which are performed without confusion, are always required to minimize the damages (Leonard and Blanchi, 2005). This was not the case and a lot of damage resulted from the confusion of the mechanisms applied. In addition, the preparation for the disasters is a key mechanism to reduce the amount of losses which are experienced. With proper disaster preparedness, the house losses would have been minimized. The key lesson from the 2009 wildfire and the magnitude of the house loss on the location is that there was no proper disaster preparedness in terms of emergency services command and control. Event with the presence of valiant efforts of the personal and crew efforts in the field to control the loss, the worst of the loss was experienced (Evans, 2009). The preparedness is much experienced with clear guidelines of the individual responsibilities, which are well defined to help attain the supreme charge on the emergency operation. This helps to minimize the key conflict areas since there are guidelines of the personnel in charge (Leonard, Blanchi and Bowditch, 2004). The damage experienced was able to show that the definition of the responsibilities was not clear. The lesson learnt is that the emergency services protocol need to be revised for it to enact well to help minimize the losses, which are experienced. Communication is key when some of the emergency events do occur. The level of the emergency services was tested on this event and it was leant the communication channels were not such clear to curb the damages (The Age, 2014). The communication infrastructure, which composed of the hotline for contacting the emergency services were not working well and this led to failure to have the much anticipated help on time. Moreover, it was leant that the emergency services were not structures to handle such key emergencies even with the Victoria location being classified to be at high risk of the wildfires (Muller, 2015). Moreover, it was even learnt that the media was not even able to have the proper coverage and their alerts were inadequate. In addition, the relevant available services were found to be able to contribute to the increase of the wildfire (Government Printer for the State of Victoria, 2010). The commission analyzing the event found pout that the fault in power cables and the supporting infrastructure, which was supporting the state electricity services, was able to add to the house losses (University of Melbourne, 2013). The defectiveness of these services was a clear indicator that poor work was done and this was able to increase to the amount of loss. It was clear that changes on the amenities provision needed to change and provide better services to the location which will not increase the depth of damages on the location. Conditions giving rise to losses There are conditions, which were alighted and known to have contributed to the increased level of house damage during the event of wild fire. First, the failure to have the proper building construction methods, which were able to take care of the fire risk, was able to give rise to the loss (Wendy Balderstone and Bowan, 2006). The building conditions were a major cause of the loss on the event. The failure to have the best buildings, which were suited to minimize the losses, was able to agitate the amount of house loss which was experienced. From the high level of house loss, which was experienced. It is clear that the building condition need to change and suite the mechanisms, which are able to minimize the house losses. About 2132 homes were lost on the event of the wildfire in Victoria. Most of the homes were not well structured to handle and withstand the fire risk (Douglas and Tan, 2005). This is a mistake, which was done during the construction stage. The chances and building s urvival state was poor on the event of the bushfire and this led to an increase of the house loss on the location. According to authorities, the construction standards on the Victoria location have changed in order to suite the preventive mechanism of such fires (Government Printer for the State of Victoria, 2010). The buildings mechanisms have been in cooperated with mechanisms, which can withstand fire, while the fighting the fire goes on. This key strategy is able to minimize the losses, which are experienced. From the analysis of the bushfire in Victoria, 173 lives were lost while the owners were trying to protect their properties. The understanding of the evacuation strategy was not clear and this led to an increase of the loss of the lives. If the authorities would have provided a mechanism of the fire evacuation, this would have saved the lives of those who moved to protect their properties (Leonard et al., 2005). The building state had low chances of surviving the fire considering the weather condition, which was windy. Therefore engaging the individuals on the fight with fire and consideration of the buildings, which would not withstand the fire, was a wrong move and led to the loss to the lives (Ellis, Kanowski, and Whelan, 2004). The conditions of the buildings at this time tell us that it was impossible to control the fire considering the construction methods used. According to the final report, the building design and town planning are key elements, which are able to contribute t o high property and house loss in case of the wildfire. These are two main factors, which were able to contribute to the high level of fire on the Victoria wildfire. The disasters such as the bushfire need proper preparedness. The unpreparedness or the low preparedness of the organizations and communities in Victoria in relation with dealing with the bushfire lead to the massive loss of the Black Saturday Bushfire (Graham, Faculty of Business and Economics, and University of Melbourne, 2015). With the low level of preparedness to deal with such calamities, the buildings were unable to with stand the fire and therefore led to the increased loss of property. The strategical level of dealing with the risk is a proper way to minimize any loss, which may be experienced. The lack of the authorities to have unclear preparedness method was a clear condition that the losses were aggravated that it could have been done with proper strategy (Government Printer for the State of Victoria, 2010). The strategy employed had a great say on the level which the building were able to survive on the given fire intensity. With the lack of preparedness, the buildings w ere unable to withstand since the fire duration was extended a lot. Analysis of the recommendation by Victorian Royal Commission There are different recommendations which were presented by the Victorian Royal Commission due to the existence of this incident. This are will have a look on the recommendation on the planning and building. This area is able to relate to the curbing of the house loss, which was able to happen. The first recommendation, which this commission was able to come up with, is that the state should identify a central point of responsibility for and expertise in mapping bushfire risk (Government Printer for the State of Victoria, 2010). This would aid the authorities to urgently ensure that mapping of the building which are at risk of fire are identified and the control measures are devised. In addition, this recommendation is meant to ensure that bushfire areas a designated well for the purposes of planning the building and construction methods and control measures. Another key recommendation of the commission is that the state should amend the Victoria Planning Provisions to ensure that the native vegetation is removed around the residential areas for fire protection purposes. This would ensure that there are no factors, which are contributing to an increase in fire, and therefore making the houses more prone to fire. The embers are able to result to most burnt houses from bushfire. The control of vegetation will ensure that this cause is prevented and therefore loss is prevented. In addition, flames from the bushes are able to lead to fire catching the houses (Ellis, Kanowski, and Whelan, 2004). Controlling the vegetation on these areas will help control the house loss due to bushfire. Implementation of this recommendation would work well to control the losses. The state government has tried to implement this but requires more synthetizes on the resident to ensure that the clear the bushes frequently. The authorities need to implement the stra tegy through educating the public and ensure that the same public takes care of its own fire control measures. In addition, another key recommendation the commission came up with is to ensure that the state municipal councils need to adopt bushfire policy in their planning policy framework and in cooperate bushfire risk management planning policies and strategies (McLeod, 2003). These are meant to ensure that the rebuilding of the structures is able to meet the specific standards which can help the buildings withstand the bushfires for a longer duration. The states have enhance the building authorities to implement the construction of the buildings to meet the specific levels for their approval. This is to make sure that the house loss is minimized in case of the bushfire. In addition, the commission recommended the amendment of the objective of AS 3959-2009, Construction of Building in Bushfire prone areas (Standards Australia, 2009). This amendment ensures that the ignition from ember attack is reduced. The state has done the relevant recognition of the rule changes to ensure that the house . Conclusion In conclusion, different lessons on what need to be done in the Bushfire prone areas were largely learnt from Black Saturday Bushfires. The damages and the key precautions, which need to be done, were clearly indicated from this event. Different conditions such as the state of the buildings and the preparedness level of the relevant authorities are cited to be the key promoters of the losses, which were experienced on this day. The Victoria Royal Commission onto this event was able to recommend about 67 recommendation, which would aid the curbing of such losses in future. The state governments have taken up the mandate to implement them and are considering Victoria more safer than before. References GRAHAM, D, FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS, AND UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE (November 2015). Learning to learn from bushfires. https://pursuit.unimelb.edu.au/articles/learning-to-learn-from-bushfires ELLIS, S., KANOWSKI, P., WHELAN, R., (2004). National inquiry on bushfire mitigation and management, Commonwealth of Australia, Canberra. LEONARD, J.E., BLANCHI, R., AND BOWDITCH, P., (2004). Bushfire impact from a house's perspective. Proceedings Earth Wind and Fire Bushfire 2004 Conference, Adelaide. LEONARD, J. AND BLANCHI, R, (2005). Investigation of bushfire attack mechanisms involved in house loss in the ACT Bushfire 2003. Highett, Vic., CSIRO Manufacturing Infrastructure Technology. Bushfire CRC report. LEONARD, J.E., et al., (2005b). Research and investigation into the performance of residential boundary fencing systems in bushfires. Highett, Vic., CSIRO Manufacturing Infrastructure Technology. Bushfire CRC report. MCLEOD, R., (2003). Inquiry into the operational response to the January 2003 bushfires in the ACT, report, ACT Gov, Canberra, A. C. T. WENDY L, BALDERSTONE S. AND BOWAN, J. (2006). Events That Shaped Australia. New Holland. pp. 154158. ISBN 978-1-74110-492-9. MULLER, D. (2015). Media Ethics and Disasters: Lessons from the Black Saturday Bushfires STANDARDS AUSTRALIA (2009). Australian Standard AS3959 Construction of buildings in bushfire prone areas (incorporating amendments 1, 2 and 3). SAI Global DOUGLAS G. AND TAN Z. (February 2005). Integrating Site Assessment and Performance Planning Outcomes for Bushfire Prone Areas. Paper presented to Planning for Natural HazardsHow Can We Mitigate the Impacts? Symposium. University of Wollongong, 14pp. in vUWS. EVANS R. (July-August 2009). The Lessons of Black Saturday. Quadrant Online. GOVERNMENT PRINTER FOR THE STATE OF VICTORIA, (July 2010). Report of the 2009 Victorian Bushfire Royal Commission. PP No. 332 Session 200610. UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE (February 2013). Lessons from Black Saturday: Improving predictions of extreme fires. https://phys.org/news/2013-02-lessons-black-saturday-extreme.html THE AGE (February 2014). More lessons to learn after Black Saturday. https://www.theage.com.au/comment/the-age-editorial/more-lessons-to-learn-after-black-saturday-20140206-324g7.html SBS NEWS (February, 2014). Black Saturday lessons learned: Reforms inspired by Victoria's Black Saturday royal commission have been credited with saving lives during the state's latest bushfire crisis. https://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/02/11/black-saturday-lessons-learned

Major Scientific Discoveries of the 19th Century free essay sample

Scientific knowledge expanded rapidly, and influenced the way Europeans viewed the world; perhaps more profoundly than at any other time in history. Among these changes was Louis Pasteur discovery of the germ, which opened up a whole new world in health care. This led to Europeans using soap and taking showers more often, a huge market for antiseptics and disinfectants opened up, new methods for food preservation were discovered and used, the invention of the refrigerator, avoiding being around people who are sick or appear to be sick, people being much more picky about what they eat such as not eating foods that were undercooked, fell on the ground, or a bug landed in it, and much more effective methods developed to prevent wide spread of disease. Another major development in 19th century Europe was thermodynamics, which investigated the relationship between heat and mechanical energy. Machines were the focal point of the Industrial Revolution. We will write a custom essay sample on Major Scientific Discoveries of the 19th Century or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thus the efficiency of those machines became a major concern to scientists and industrialists. Charles Darwin challenged the idea of a special divine creation of each species of animal and concluded that all life had gradually evolved from a common ancestral origin in an unending struggle for survival. This completely changed the way people viewed the natural world and led to Herbert Spenser said that the human race was driven forward by a constant specialization and progress by a brutal economic struggle. The poor were the weak and the prosperous were the chosen strong. Spenser’s philosophy became known as Social Darwinism, which was very popular with the upper middle classes. It later became the justification for presumed Anglo-Saxon superiority. Many advancements in technology, medicine and human behavior occurred in Europe during this period. The 19th century gave witness to the Scientific Revolution and changed the world forever.

Essay Topics For Macbeth

Essay Topics For MacbethTopic-based essays make it easy to choose an essay topic for Macbeth. A topic for any type of essay should have a strong foundation that is believable and useful to the reader, but do not have too many twists or turns.The Macbeth essay can use themes for each character, which are easier to relate to, and allow for more independent thoughts. It is possible to vary the topic of each essay by making use of Macbeth's three daughters as subjects. This is helpful in providing a justification for his actions.As for action scenes, some choose the famous Battle of Culloden. However, this story might be difficult to do justice in written form. Another scene might be Macbeth's imprisonment in the castle in Edinburgh, which could be a better subject for the Macbeth essay.While the Macbeth essay is written for a historical based paper, it is not impossible to find ideas for other topics. However, essay topics for Macbeth are easy to find. For example, themes related to pol itics, romance, and death are possible topics.In addition, the topic of the Macbeth essay may also include the society that he lives in, and its people. It may also include the political and religious beliefs of the times. This could provide a justification for his actions during the play.One consideration when choosing essay topics for Macbeth should be to keep in mind the audience that will be reading the essay. It might be necessary to look at the age group that will be taking the paper, and make sure that the essay does not hurt the sensibilities of the younger audience.The ideas for a topic for the Macbeth essay can be found throughout the plays, because the Macbeth plays include themes that are applicable to society in general. Any general ideas that might be applied to real life can be incorporated into the essay. The theme of redemption can also be applied to real life by linking the play with current events.It is important to remember that all essay topics must remain on th e topic of the play, which means that they must be relevant to the work. Anything that does not fit within the bounds of the play should be avoided. After all, it is not the essay that causes problems for the readers, but the person writing the essay that does.

Discuss the portrayal of the child in the Erl King and the Werewolf Essays

Discuss the portrayal of the child in the Erl King and the Werewolf Essays Discuss the portrayal of the child in the Erl King and the Werewolf Essay Discuss the portrayal of the child in the Erl King and the Werewolf Essay Carter Explores young girls sexual hunger and the lure of the wilda in both the Erl King and the Werewolf. Young girls are both seduce and seduced; both prey and predator, as illustrated through the medium of subverted fairy tales that Carter adopts. Fitting patriarchal norms, the folkloric genre often portrays young passive women as protagonists. This is not so in Carters retelling where the females we meet are empowered by their femininity and desire. If we look at the social context of these stories this becomes significant. The text was written in the 1970s a time when women were challenging their roles, and as well known feminist writer this heavily influences Carter. This is further emphasized in Carters work by taking characters that a reader is already familiar with and changing both the aspects of their personality and accordingly their role in the story. This shocks the reader into paying attention and allows them to appreciate the childish heroines, and the female psyche they represent, in a different light. Carter is concerned with the male desire for sexual innocence and this is portrayed in the stories through the young protagonists. Youth is often seen to equate to purity and this assumption is made by the reader in the opening of both stories, particularly through the allusions to Red Riding Hood, the atypical good, young girl. Carter delights in shattering these presumptions later in the stories by having her characters behave unlike the youth we are used to seeing portrayed in this genre. Fairy stories have been used to repress women into passive, silent, subservient roles since males such as Grim or Anderson started to focus on folklore in the eighteenth century. Carter reclaims fairy stories for the feminists and this is seen in the sexually desired adolescents; instead of portraying what patriarchal society would expect and want of its youth, Carter shows the true feelings and sexual predilection of women. In the the Erl King the child, after sleeping with the beast, strangles him with his hair. The child is worried that she will be taken into the Erl kings power after sleeping with him and will be caged, for the Erl king would do me grievous harm. This can be seen from two perspectives. Carter could be suggesting that women after sleeping with and being under the power of men are killed, or incarcerated spiritually through the caged bird metaphor seen here. However, on a more symbolic level the Erl King could in fact be allegorical of the repression of sexual desire; the child in the story both loves him but fears for the consequence of her affections, and desires mock my loss of liberty. The act of strangling him with his hair, often seen to denote purity and innocence, is in fact symbolic of mens oppression of female sexual desire; their need for purity has caused women to lose their flesh in the corrosive pool of his regard. In a similar manner, the young girls actions in the Werewolf also be demonstrate female repression. A Jungian reading of the text is very revealing. Carl Jung said that animus represents the masculine aspects of the psyche in women, and the anima the female psyche in malesbi. In the Werewolf, the young girl has both the animas and the female psyche and if a Jungian view is upheld then the story is really concerned with the girls battle between which of these forces is to be more dominant. The traditional phallic symbol of the knife relates to the animas and the basket of food has connotations with female genitalia. The girl on the sight of the wolf, drops her basket and seizes her knife, her animus becomes dominant in order to deal with the dangers of real life. The girl later prospers, and it is suggested that this is through the loss of femininity of the youth. Carter suggests that in order to succeed in this world you must make you self-effeminate because masculinity is dominant. The symbolic meaning behind the werewolf in the unconscious seems important in this story where a girl is both attacked and attacks one of these creatures: To dream that you are a werewolf, suggests that some aspects of your personality are hurtful and even dangerous to your own well-being. You are headed down an undesirable path. Alternatively, it refers to your repressed instincts. c Through this means Carter suggests that womens repression of their femininity goes against their self and cause them to go down an undesirable path in their psychological forest. In Carters work she portrays the child very differently to what we expect of a fairytale character, as her tales are not designed to be read to the young, but rather to fit their original purpose of teaching female adolescents of their sexual desires and the pitfalls of the world around them. She focuses on the psychological aspect of her stories keeping them in keeping with a genre traditionally full of the subliminal. It has been suggested that Carters work could viewed by Freuds personal unconsciousness theory, where we are forced to dream in order to deal with the issues around us that are socially repressed in the world we live in. Carter portrays her young children, as the fixings of a womans mind where by their exploits are in fact a coping mechanism in a world where youth, innocence and the animus are preferred.

The Gaia Hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Gaia Hypothesis - Essay Example Founded and formulated in the 1960s by Dr James Lovelock while on a NASA project to detect any sign of life on the planet Mars, the Gaia hypothesis has created strong pro and anti lobbies. The pro-gaian discipline is euphoric in the belief that 'optimising gaian' principles could lead to 'enhancing environmental conditions to such an extent that they are optimal for life.' [Alex Kleidon, p3]. The anti-gaian detractors, on the other hand, are dismissive on the premise that the whole hypothesis is at best, an entertaining story. Their argument is weakened due to their inability or unwillingness to prove their point through research. In his treatise, 'The Gaia Hypothesis: Fact, Theory and Wishful Thinking,' James W Kirchner states, 'Biologically mediated feedbacks are not intrinsically homeostatic. Many of the biological mechanisms that affect global climate are destabilizing, and it is likely that the net effect of biological feedbacks will be to amplify, not dampen, global warming.' [Kirchner J W, p1] The natural tendency of the micro and macro organisms to manage any threat to the homogeneity of a region in relation to its environment is limited to its ability to survive and adept to its surrounding. Could it be of improvement or transformation as well Seen logically, it is not possible to conclusively determine the capability of the biota to rise to the occasion of performing an enhanced role of preparing to interact with a greater force when required to do so in a hostile environment. Within a limited time span, in a changing environ, is it possible for teleological mechanisms hidden somewhere in nature to perform an offensive, defensive, or catalytic role on behalf of the biota Discoveries in microbiology, bio-ecology, and biota inspire awe and reverence. But these are not sufficient to draw conclusions on theories that require scientific testing and approvals. Perhaps the logic lies in the argument that 'it is one thing to say that we benefit from the environmental services that our ecosystem provides, and entirely another to say that our environment is in any sense tailored to our needs.' [Kirchen J W, p8] Other variables The forms of life in a given environment is best suited to recycle its own form due to several other factors, viz. climatic conditions peculiar to the region, its actions and reactions to the vagaries of nature, and taken to extremes, it does appear capable to rebound with much greater vigour. However, it is inconceivable by any stretch of imagination, that the biota and its environment hold secret codes to ensure a perennial survival or a revolutionary transformation mutually beneficial to each other in the face of annihilating circumstances. There isn't any evidence to show that organisms have the inherent capability to alter the environment for their own benefit. Can organisms alter the environment The temptation to draw such a conclusion is inevitable given the fact that the Gaia hypothesis has used terminologies